Vol 27 No 1

Asian Journal of Physics Vol. 27 No 1, 2018, 01-12

Information Transmission with Quantum Limited Subspace

Francis T S Yu
Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802,USA

ftypsu@gmail.com

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One important aspect of our universe is that one cannot get something from nothing; there is always a price to pay. In this article we show that every bit of information is limited by a quantum unit. Since we are communicating within a temporal subspace, this unit can be equivalently described as a quantum limited subspace (QLS), as imposed by the Heisenberg Principle. We show that communication can be exploited within and outside the QLS. The size of a QLS is determined by carrier signal bandwidth; that is narrower the bandwidth the larger the size of the QLS. By manipulating the size of a QLS, more efficient information transmission strategies can be developed. Examples for inside and outside QLS communication are given. Extension to relativistic communication has also been demonstrated. We remark that, a new era of communication is anticipated to immerge and it will change our way in communicating, observation and computing, we used to use forever! © Anita Publication. All rights reserved.

Total Refs : 17

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University of Michigan, August, 1966.

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Asian Journal of Physics Vol. 27 No 1, 2018, 13-21

Growth of KDP crystal by automatic temperature controlled seed rotation method

Vikram^a, N Vijayan^a, Ravindra^a, Sonia^a, Mahak^a, and Apurva^b

^aCSIR- National Physical laboratory, New Delhi-110 012, India

^bJamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110 025, India

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In the recent past, nonlinear optical (NLO) materials are getting attention because of their excellent applications in the area of fiber optics communication and optical signal processing. The NLO crystals can be grown by different methods at a desired temperature. A variety of methods of crystallization from solutions can be classified in accordance with the conditions under which they are used. In this article, we describe the fabrication of a bidirectional seed rotation apparatus to grow bulk size single crystals. We have designed the automation circuit which will detect and control the temperature during seed rotation process. The aim of the present work is to grow the single crystal of KDP by seed rotation method. In order to study the properties of the crystal, the grown crystal is subjected to various studies. The PXRD study indicated that the grown crystal has good crystallinity and single phase nature. From the photoluminiscence spectrum it was found that the emission maximum occurs at 405 nm. © Anita Publications. All rights reserved..

Keywords: NLO Materials, Seed rotation controller, Photoluminescence, Micro hardness. Etching study

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Asian Journal of Physics Vol. 27 No 1, 2018, 23-34

Theoretical investigations on NLO crystal 1-[4-(methylsulfanyl) phenyl]-3-(4-nitrophenyl) prop-2-en-1-one

Mahesh Pal, Singh Yadav¹ and Anuj Kumar²*

¹Department of Physics, A.P.M.(P.G.) Degree college, Ujhani (Budaun), 243639,UP, India.

²Department of Physics, C.C.S. University, Meerut, 250005, UP, India.

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In order to broaden the understanding of nonlinear behavior of a chalcone derivative nonlinear optical crystal 1-[4-(methylsulfanyl) phenyl]-3-(4-nitrophenyl) prop-2-en-1-one (4MPNP), we have made theoretical investigations on structure, natural bond orbital (NBO), nonlinear response and other properties of this molecule. The theoretical interpretation of nonlinear behaviour is made by calculating ground state and dispersion tensor components of hyperpolarizabilities using density functional theory (DFT) and HF methods employing 6-31G(d,p) basis set and Becke’s three-parameters hybrid functional (B3LYP). The effect of electron donor and acceptor groups on charge conjugation across the backbone is evaluated using NBO analysis and it is correlated with nonlinear behavior of the molecule. Other properties like Molecular electrostatic potential, Mulliken atomic charge distribution over the molecule and thermodynamical parameters are calculated and explained for understanding structure property relation. © Anita Publications. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Nonlinear optical crystal, DFT, NBO,Hyperpolarizabilities

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Asian Journal of Physics Vol. 27 No 1, 2018, 35-48

Synthesis, vibrational spectral and optical absorption studies on the

Dichlorobis (DL-alanine)zinc(II) complex

S Chitrambalam, and I Hubert Joe

Centre for Molecular and Biophysics Research, Mar Ivanios College, Thiruvananthapuram-695 015, India

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An organometallic single crystal of Dichlorobis (DL-alanine)zinc(II) complex (DLAZC) was grown by slow evaporation solution growth method. The structural geometry parameters, vibrational wavenumbers and second-order hyperpolarizability of DLAZC complex were calculated using density functional theory method. The absorption spectra of the compound were calculated using time-dependent density functional theory based on polarizable continuum model. The laser induced damage threshold study is also carried out. Third-order nonlinear optical properties of DLAZC were studied at different concentrations and intensities using open- and closed aperture Z-scan technique with 5 ns Nd:YAG laser at 532 nm. © Anita Publications. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Crystal growth. UV-Visible. Laser damage threshold. Z-scan, Optical limiting, DFT

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Asian Journal of Physics Vol. 27 No 1, 2018, 49-56

Growth, structural, thermal and optical properties of a third-order nonlinear optical organic crystal:

Barbituric Acid Dihydrate

P Prabu, P Umarani, and C Ramachandra Raja

Department of Physics,

Government Arts College (Autonomous), Kumbakonam- 612 001, India.

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The Barbituric Acid Dihydrate (BADH) (C₄H₄N₂O₃.2(H₂O)) single crystal was grown from aqueous solution by applying slow solvent evaporation technique at room temperature. The unit cell parameters and crystal structure were confirmed by single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction analyses and BADH crystal crystallizes in orthorhombic system with centrosymmetric space group P_nma. The ¹³C NMR spectrum was recorded to reveal the carbon environment. The vibrational behavior of the compound was identified by the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) were also carried out to determine the thermal stability of the grown crystal. This crystal was found to be stable up to 180°C. The UV–Vis absorption spectrum reveals that the lower cut-off wavelength is 270 nm. The Z-scan technique was employed to calculate the nonlinear refractive index (n₂), nonlinear absorption coefficient (b) and the third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility c⁽³⁾. © Anita Publications. All rights reserved..

Keywords: Barbituric Acid Dihydrate, X-ray diffraction, Z-scan technique, Third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility

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Asian Journal of Physics Vol. 27 No 1, 2018, 57-86

Second and third order nonlinear optical single crystalline materials: A Review

A Alexandar^a,b and P Rameshkumar^b
^aDepartment of Mathematics, Anugraha Institute of Social Sciences, Dindigul-624 003, Tamilnadu, India
^bPG and Research Department of Physics, Periyar E.V.R. College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli-620 023, Tamilnadu, India

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Organic and inorganic nonlinear optical (NLO) materials play a key role in photonics related fields including optical data storage, information processing, sensor applications, optical data storage etc. Some organic compounds exhibit large NLO response, in many cases, orders of magnitude larger than widely known inorganic materials. The importance of amino acid based organic materials for NLO application is due to the fact that all the amino acids, except glycine contain chiral carbon atom and crystallize in non-centrosymmetric structure. Another added advantage of amino acid based NLO active material is the presence of proton donor carboxyl group (COO-) and acceptor amino group (NH3+) which make them an ideal candidate for NLO application and transparent in the UV-Visible region. This review paper presents theoretical and experimental results of some second and third order nonlinear optical single crystalline materials. © Anita Publications. All rights reserved.

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