An International Peer Reviewed Research Journal

Vol 25 No 10 2016

AJP

SSN : 0971 - 3093

Vol 25, No 10, October, 2016

25th Anniversary Year of AJP-2016

Special issue

on

Advances in High Precision Spectroscopy and Tests of Fundamental Physics, Part-2

Edited by

Bijaya Kumar Sahoo

Asian Journal of Physics

(A Publication Not for Profit)

Vol. 25, No 10 (2016)

 CONTENTS 

Guest Editorial                                                                               

About the Guest Editor


Light shifts induced by nuclear spin-dependent parity-nonconserving transitions of ultracold Fr for the detection of nuclear anapole moment

T Aoki, Y Torii, B K Sahoo, B P Das, K Harada, T Hayamizu, K Sakamoto, H Kawamura, T Inoue, A Uchiyama, S Ito, R Yoshioka,

K STanaka, M Itoh, A Hatakeyama, and Y Sakem                                                                                                                                                       1247


The role of molecular electric dipole moments of mercury monohalides in the search for the electron electric dipole moment

V S Prasannaa, M Abe, B P Das                                                                                                                                                                                  1259


Testing the standard model at low energies with atoms and molecules -searching for permanent electric

dipole moments and atomic parity violation

Klaus P Jungmann                                                                                                                                                                                                        1267


Electron impact excitation of inert gases and plasma modeling

Priti, Lalita Sharma and Rajesh Srivastava                                                                                                                                                                  1281


Towards atomic parity violation test on barium ion

M Mukherjee, S Das, D De Munshi, T Dutta, N V Horne, P Liu, R Rebhi and D Yum                                                                                                1291


The quest to find an electric dipole moment of the neutron

P Schmidt-Wellenburg                                                                                                                                                                                                   1301


Optical cooling of interacting atoms in a tightly confined trap

Somnath Naskar, Subrata Saha, Partha Goswami, Arpita Pal and Bimalendu Deb                                                                                                    1331


A survey on modelling and structural modification of atomic systems in plasma environment

S Dutta, J K Saha, S Bhattacharyya and T K Mukherjee                                                                                                                                             1339


Lepton number and flavour violation in models of neutrino mass generation

Frank F Deppisch                                                                                                                                                                                                         1383


EDMS of Closed-shell Atoms: An example of Xe atom                                                                                            

Koichiro Asahi, Tomoya Sato and Yuichi Ichikawa                                                                                                                                                      1403


Asian journal of Physics                                                                                                     Vol 25, No 10 (2016) 1247-1258


Light shifts induced by nuclear spin-dependent parity-nonconserving interactions
in ultracold Fr for the detection of the nuclear anapole moment

 

T Aoki1, Y. Torii1, B. K. Sahoo2, B P Das3, K Harada4, T Hayamizu4, K Sakamoto4,

H Kawamura 4,5, T Inoue 4,5, A Uchiyama4, S Ito4, R Yoshioka4, K S Tanaka4, M Itoh4, A Hatakeyama6, and Y Sakemi4

1Institute of Physics, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan

2Theoretical Physics Division, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad-380 009, India

3International Education and Research Center of Science and Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology

2-1-2-1-H86 Ookayama Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan

4Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan

5Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan

6Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan

 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

We investigate light shifts induced due to the nuclear spin-dependent (NSD) parity-nonconserving (PNC) interactions for the 7S1/2 – 6D5/2 transition in ultracold 210Fr. We find that for this transition the magnetic sublevels of F =13/2, M = 9/2 and F = 13/2, M = 7/2 shift by the same amount in the same direction due to the E2 transition and by different amounts in opposite directions due to the NSD PNC transition. This situation is favourable for measuring the nuclear anapole moment. For the above mentioned transition, the frequency difference of the F = 13/2, M = 1/2 to F = 13/2, M = –1/2 and the F = 13/2, M = 9/2 to F = 13/2, M = 7/2 transitions has no first order Zeeman shift and a small second order Zeeman shift. Measuring this frequency difference enables us to obtain information on the nuclear anapole moment, and it is insensitive to magnetic field fluctuation.© Anita Publications. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Precise measurement, Parity nonconservation, laser cooling, francium

Total Refs: 21

Light shifts induced by nuclear spin-dependent parity-nonconserving interactions in ultracold Fr for the detection of the nuclear anapole moment.pdf
T Aoki. et al.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Asian Journal of Physics                                                                                                    Vol. 25 No 10, 2016, 1259-1266


The role of molecular electric dipole moments of mercury monohalides in the

search for the electron electric dipole moment

 

V S Prasannaa1, M Abe2, B P Das

1Indian Institute of Astrophysics, II Block, Koramangala, Bangalore-560 034, India

2Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1, Minami-Osawa, Hachioji-city, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan

3International Education and Research Center of Science and Department of Physics,

Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-H86 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The molecular electric dipole moments, also referred to as the permanent electric dipole moments (PDMs), play an important role, in the sensitivity of the experiments that use molecules to probe the electric dipole moment of the electron (eEDM). In an earlier work, we had identified mercury monohalides as promising candidates for such experiments. Here, we have computed their PDMs for the first time, using a relativistic coupled cluster method (RCCM). We also present a detailed  analysis of  the correlation terms that we considered for the PDM, for each of the molecules, and study their trends. We also elucidate the role of PDMs in the sensitivity of prospective future EDM experiments with these molecules.© Anita Publications. All rights reserved.

Keywords:  Electric dipole moments, Mercury monohalides

Total Refs: 28

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Asian Journal of Physics                                                                                                   Vol 25, No 10 (2016) 1267-1280


Testing the standard model at low energies with atoms and

molecules -searching for permanent electric dipole moments and atomic parity violation

 

Klaus P Jungmann

University of Groningen, Van Swinderen Institute,

NL 9747 AA Groningen, The Netherlands

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Precision experiments on atomic and molecular systems provide for testing very accurately important aspects of our present understanding of particle physics, and in particular the best theory to describe it, the Standard Model of Particle Physics (SM). The potential of low energy precise experiments for steering model building exceeds in a number of cases the possibilities of high energy physics experiments signicantly. If searches for yet forbidden processes are successful, hints to New Physics can be obtained. If results of precision measurements agree with present Standard Theory, speculative models can be limited or even disfavoured. Examples of low energy precision experiments with such transformative character are searches for a permanent Electric Dipole Moment (EDM) on atoms or molecules and measurements of Parity Violation (PV) in atoms or molecules. Here we discuss present and near future possibilities to search for New Physics in selected atomic and molecular systems.© Anita Publications. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Parity violation, Permanent electric dipole moment

Total Refs: 86

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Asian Journal of Physics                                                                                                  Vol 25, No 10 (2016) 1281-1289


Electron impact excitation of inert gases and plasma modeling


Priti, Lalita Sharma and Rajesh Srivastava

Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee –247 667, India

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A review of our recent studies using the relativistic distorted wave theory on electron impact excitation of argon and krypton is given along with the applications of the calculated fine–structure resolved cross sections to develop the collisional radiative models for Ar- and Kr- plasma. Fitting parameters of the excitation cross sections for various transitions are provided for plasma modeling purposes. New results for the excitation rate coefficients are presented as a function of increasing electron temperature in plasma © Anita Publications. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Plasma diagnostics; Electron impact excitation;Electron temperature, Electron density

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Electron impact excitation of inert gases and plasma modeling.pdf
Priti, Lalita Sharma and Rajesh Srivastava

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Asian journal of Physics                                                                                                   Vol 25, No 10 (2016) 1291-1298


Towards atomic parity violation test on barium ion

 

M Mukherjee1,2,3, S Das4, D De Munshi1, T Dutta1, N V Horne, P Liu1, R Rebhi1, and D Yum1

1Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University Singapore, Singapore 117543

2Department of Physics, National University Singapore, Singapore 117551

3Maju Lab, CNRS-UNS-NUS-NTU International Joint Research Unit, UMI 3654, Singapore

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Precision measurement in atomic and molecular physics unveils fundamental properties of nature and its forces. Electro-weak interaction and its manifestation in atomic system is the focus of this article. In a series of experiments performed with trapped and laser cooled ions, it is now possible to pin down the uncertainties of our knowledge about the atomic physics of a heavy system like barium ion to a level below one percent. This also laid down the foundation of an atomic parity violation experiment to be performed with this ion in an ion trap with a precision which can in principle compete to the energy scale of present day large hadron collider (LHC).© Anita Publications. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Atomic system, Atomic Parity, Barium, Laser cooling

Total Refs:27

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Asian journal of Physics                                                                                                   Vol 25, No 10 (2016) 1301-1329


The quest to find an electric dipole moment of the neutron

 

P Schmidt-Wellenburg

Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland

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Until now no electric dipole moment of the neutron (nEDM) has been observed. Why it is so vanishingly small, escaping detection for the last 65 years, is not easy to explain. In general it is considered as one of the most sensitive probes for the violation of the combined symmetry of charge and parity (CP). A discovery could shed light on the poorly understood matter/antimatter asymmetry of the Universe. The neutron EDM might one day help to distinguish different sources of CP-violation in combination with measurements of paramagnetic molecules, diamagnetic atoms and other nuclei. This review presents an overview of the most important concepts in searches for an nEDM as well as a brief overview of the worldwide efforts. © Anita Publications. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Precise measurement; Parity nonconservation, Laser cooling, Francium

Total Refs: 118

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Asian journal of Physics                                                                                                   Vol 25, No 10 (2016) 1331-1338


Optical cooling of interacting atoms in a tightly confined trap

 

Somnath Naskar1,2, Subrata Saha1, Partha Goswami1, Arpita Pal1 and Bimalendu Deb1,3

1Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata-700 032, India.

2Department of Physics, Jogesh Chandra Chaudhuri College, Kolkata-700 033, India

3Raman Center for Atomic, Molecular and Optical Sciences, IACS, Jadavpur, Kolkata- 700 032, India.

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In a recent paper, we have proposed a novel laser cooling scheme for reducing collisional energy of a pair of atoms by using photoassociative transitions. In that paper, we considered two atoms in free space, that is we have not considered the effects of trap on the cooling process. Here in this paper, we qualitatively discuss the possibility of extending this idea for Raman sideband cooling of a pair of interacting atoms trapped in Lamb-Dicke (LD) regime. Apart from cooling, our method may be important for manipulating on-site interaction of atoms in an optical lattice. © Anita Publications. All rights reserved.

Keywords: optical cooling

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Asian Journal of Physics                                                                                            Vol 25, No 10 (2016) 1339-1381


A survey on modelling and structural modification of atomic

systems in plasma environment

 

S Dutta1, J K Saha2, S Bhattacharyya3 , and  T K Mukherjee 4

1 Belgharia Texmaco Estate School, Kolkata-700056, India

2Department of Physics, Aliah University, IIA/27, Newtown, Kolkata-700 156, India

3Department of Physics, Acharya Prafulla Chandra College, New Barrackpore, Kolkata- 700 131, India

4Department of Physics, Narula Institute of Technology, Agarpara, Kolkata- 700 109, India

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

In this review article, the effect of plasma environment on the structure of atomic systems has been discussed. With a brief description on basic properties of plasma followed by it’s classification and occurrences in astrophysical and laboratory scenario, we present the necessity of modeling the plasma environment by suitable potential and a detailed analysis on different methodologies of finding the potential within the bulk of plasma. The model potentials take significantly different forms depending upon the nature of the plasma i.e. whether it is classical or quantum, collisional or collision-less etc. Modification of structure along with other spectral properties of atomic systems such as energy levels, binding energies and ionization potential, continuum lowering, removal of degeneracy, static and dynamic polarizabilities, hyperpolarizabilities, oscillator strengths, transition probabilities etc. and collision dynamics of the many electron atoms within plasma environment are discussed. The experimental determination of the plasma parameters i.e. temperature and density by using spectroscopic techniques along with an account of recent X-ray free electron laser plasma experiments are also presented.

Keywords: Laser cooling, Photoassociative transitions, Raman sideband

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Asian Journal of Physics                                                                                           Vol 25, No 10 (2016) 1383-1402

 

Lepton number and flavour violation  in models of neutrino mass generation


Frank F Deppisch

Department of Physics & Astronomy,

University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Models of neutrino mass generation constitute well motivated scenarios of beyond-the-Standard-Model physics. The interplay between high energy collider physics and low energy searches provide us with an effective approach to rule out, constrain and pinpoint such models. In this review article, we highlight the phenomenological impact of neutrino mass models incorporating lepton number violating (LNV) and charged lepton flavour violating (LFV) processes. New sources of LNV and LFV are generally expected to be present in many new physics scenarios beyond the Standard Model to explain non-zero neutrino masses, and their observation would provide crucial information on the nature of the underlying interactions. We will focus on searches for low-energy LNV and LFV processes such as neutrinoless double beta decay and µ→ e γ, but we will also highlight the potential impact of LNV/LFV processes at the LHC. If new physics occurs at a scale accessible by the LHC, the underlying mediators could potentially be probed in high detail. We will give a brief overview of  examples where such searches can help determine the mechanism of light neutrino mass generation and potentially falsify baryogenesis mechanisms.© Anita Publications. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Lepton number violating (LNV), lepton flavour violating (LFV), Majorana particles

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Asian Journal of Physics                                                                                              Vol 25, No 10 (2016) 1403-1412


EDMS of Closed-shell Atoms: An example of Xe atom


Koichiro Asahia, b, Tomoya Satoa, b and Yuichi Ichikawa a,b

aNishina Center, RIKE, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan

 bDepartment of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Current status of studies of electric dipole moments (EDMs) in the site of closed-shell atoms is discussed. Although the EDM of a Hg atom is the best confined EDM among all the particles ever studied, it includes contributions from multiple sources of different physics origins, the most important of which are CT, and , and therefore the determination of sizes of the three sources separately requires another two EDMs in this site to be known. For this reason the improvement in the accuracy of Xe EDM would be of crucial significance. A setup for the Xe EDM experiment using a nuclear spin oscillator scheme is under development.© Anita Publications. All rights reserved..

Keywords:Electric dipole moments (EDMs), Nuclear spin,Standard Model (SM)

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